980 - 1037
Although not strictly a creative writer like the other writers on this list, Avicenna is such a major early contributor to medical and philosophical literature, that I felt he bore mentioning. Working as a physician, traveling much of his life and occasionally imprisoned, he nonetheless managed to write comprehensive works on natural science, logic, philosophy (including a commentary on Aristotle's Poetics),  psychology, theology and mysticism which were influential for centuries.

Background

Afnan, SM. Avicenna, His Life and Works. London: G. Allen & Unwin; 1958.

Non-Fiction

Canon of Medicine. Kazi Publications; 1999.